{"id":27,"date":"2013-11-13T18:40:29","date_gmt":"2013-11-13T18:40:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vnps.dreamhosters.com\/princewilliamwildflowersociety\/?page_id=27"},"modified":"2020-10-21T16:30:19","modified_gmt":"2020-10-21T20:30:19","slug":"taxonomic-changes-for-regional-species-of-goldenrod","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vnps.org\/princewilliamwildflowersociety\/botanizing-with-marion\/taxonomic-changes-for-regional-species-of-goldenrod\/","title":{"rendered":"Taxonomic Changes for Regional Species of Goldenrod"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/span>By Marion Lobstein<\/strong><\/p>\n

November 13, 2013<\/p>\n

\n

In my last article on modern taxonomic treatments, there was a discussion of how the taxonomy for our native \u201casters\u201d has been radically altered. Taxonomic changes for our approximately 20 species of goldenrods are much less drastic. Only two of our 20 species have been reassigned from the genus\u00a0Solidago<\/em>\u00a0to the genus\u00a0Euthamia.\u00a0<\/em>The DNA evidence reveals that these genera are closely related but should be separate.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Linnaeus first applied the genus name\u00a0Solidago\u00a0<\/em>in his 1753\u00a0Species Plantarum<\/em>. In this work, Linnaeus included several of our native species as well as the European goldenrod\u00a0Solidago\u00a0<\/em>virgaurea<\/em>. In the 1762 edition of Clayton\u2019s\u00a0Flora Virginica<\/em>, three of our native species were included. In 1818, Thomas Nuttall proposed\u00a0Euthamia\u00a0<\/em>as a subspecies of\u00a0Solidago,\u00a0<\/em>but in 1840 declared it as a distinct species. Asa Gray and John Torrey in 1842 transferred\u00a0Euthamia<\/em>\u00a0back to\u00a0Solidago<\/em>, but by 1876 proposed\u00a0Euthamia<\/em>\u00a0as a section of\u00a0Solidago<\/em>. By 1894, Edward Greene proposed\u00a0Euthamia<\/em>\u00a0as a distinct genus. This battle of where to place\u00a0Euthamia<\/em>\u00a0went back and forth. Arthur Cronquist, in the 1980 (2nd)\u00a0edition of\u00a0Manual of Vascular Plants of the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada,<\/em>\u00a0separated these genera. A strange proposal was made in 1891 by Otto Kuntz, who contended that\u00a0Solidago<\/em>\u00a0should be a subgenus of the genus\u00a0Aster<\/em>. Kuntz proposed to radically reorganize the taxonomy of Linnaeus, but his ideas were not widely accepted in the botanical community. It is ironic that recent molecular DNA studies have shown native asters to be more closely related to\u00a0Solidago<\/em>\u00a0(goldenrods) and\u00a0Erigeron<\/em>(daisy fleabanes) species than the Eurasian asters!<\/p>\n

There are some closely related genera to\u00a0Solidago<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0Euthamia<\/em>\u00a0that are not in our area but are native to other parts of the U.S. If you would like more information on these genera, check out the \u201cHistory of this Group\u201d section of the Master\u2019s thesis by Jessica Creech on various genera of goldenrods. There are some closely related genera to\u00a0Solidago<\/em>and\u00a0Euthamia<\/em>\u00a0that are not in our area but are native to other parts of the U.S.\u00a0 If you would like more information on these genera, check out the \u201cHistory of this Group\u201d section of the Master\u2019s thesis by Jessica Creech on various genera of goldenrods, found at:<\/p>\n

\u201c<\/em>History of Group,\u201d in\u00a0<\/a>Comparative Leaf Anatomy in Solidago and Segregate Genera Brachychaeta, Brintonia, Chyrsoma, Oligoneuron, and Petrodoria (Compositae<\/a>),\u00a0<\/em>by Jessica Creech, Kansas State University (1973). (Disregard the notations of this PDF copy being illegible, it is quite readable).<\/p>\n

Other web sources you may want to explore:<\/p>\n

\u201cClassifications and Illustrations of Goldenrods<\/a>,\u201d by John C. Semple, University of Waterloo (2012)
\n<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cSolidago L.: Goldenrods,<\/a>\u201d by John C. Semple,\u00a0<\/em>University of Waterloo (2012)
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cITS sequence data support a single origin for North American Astereae (Asteraceae) and reflect deep geographic divisions in\u00a0Aster<\/em>\u00a0s.l.\u201d<\/a>\u00a0by Richard D. Noyes and Loren H. Rieseberg,American Journal of Botany<\/em>\u00a086, no. 3 (March 1999).<\/p>\n

Below is a list of our regional species of goldenrods with name changes:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Solidago altissima<\/em>\u00a0(tall) -Tall goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. arguta<\/em>\u00a0(sharp-tooth) -Cutleaf goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. bicolor<\/em>\u00a0(two colors) \u2013Silverrod<\/p>\n

S. caesia<\/em>\u00a0(light blue) -Blue-stem or wreath goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. curtisii<\/em>\u00a0(named for M.A. Curtis) -Curtis\u2019 goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. erecta<\/em>\u00a0(erect) -Slender goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. flexicaulis<\/em>\u00a0(bent stem) -Zigzag goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. gigantea<\/em>\u00a0(giant) -Late goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. graminifolia\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>(grass-leaved) [now\u00a0<\/strong>Euthamia graminifolia<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0-Grass-leaved goldenrod]<\/strong><\/p>\n

S. harrisii<\/em>\u00a0(named for Harris) -Shale-barren goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. hispida<\/em>\u00a0(hairy) -Hairy goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. juncea<\/em>\u00a0(rush-like) -Early goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. nemoralis<\/em>\u00a0(from the woods) -Old field goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. odora<\/em>\u00a0(having a smell) -Anise Scented Goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. puberula<\/em>\u00a0(softly hairy or downy)-Downy goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. racemosa<\/em>\u00a0(flowers borne in a raceme) -Riverbank goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. randii<\/em>\u00a0(named for Rand) -Rand\u2019s goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. rigida<\/em>\u00a0(hard) -Hard-leaved goldenrod<\/p>\n

S.roanensis<\/em>\u00a0(from Roan Mountain) -Mountain goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. rugosa<\/em>\u00a0(rough) -Wrinkled-leaf goldenleaf<\/p>\n

S. rupestris<\/em>\u00a0(living beside rocks) -rock goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. speciosa<\/em>\u00a0(showy) -Showy goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. squarrosa<\/em>\u00a0(infloresence at near 90 degree angle) -Stout goldenrod<\/p>\n

S. tenuifolia<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0(narrow leaved) [now\u00a0<\/strong>Euthamia caroliniana<\/em><\/strong>]<\/strong>\u00a0-Fragrant or narrow-leaved goldenrod<\/strong><\/p>\n

S. ulmifolia<\/em>\u00a0(elm-leaved) -Elm-leaved goldenrod<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0By Marion Lobstein November 13, 2013 In my last article on modern taxonomic treatments, there was a discussion of how the taxonomy for our native \u201casters\u201d has been radically altered. Taxonomic changes for our approximately 20 species of goldenrods are much less drastic. Only two of our 20 species have been reassigned from the genus\u00a0Solidago\u00a0to…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":12,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"tpl-sidebar.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-27","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nTaxonomic Changes for Regional Species of Goldenrod - Prince William Wildflower Society<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vnps.org\/princewilliamwildflowersociety\/botanizing-with-marion\/taxonomic-changes-for-regional-species-of-goldenrod\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Taxonomic Changes for Regional Species of Goldenrod - Prince William Wildflower Society\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0By Marion Lobstein November 13, 2013 In my last article on modern taxonomic treatments, there was a discussion of how the taxonomy for our native \u201casters\u201d has been radically altered. 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